5 Ton AC Unit Amp Draw: Comprehensive Guide To Electrical Requirements And Efficiency

Choosing the right air conditioning system is crucial for consistent comfort and optimized energy expenses. For large homes and commercial settings, a 5 ton AC unit is a popular option. However, understanding its amp draw—how much electrical current it requires—directly impacts wiring choices, breaker sizing, and overall operational costs. This guide breaks down everything Americans need to know about the 5 ton AC unit amp draw, providing actionable insights for homeowners, contractors, and facility managers.

Parameter	Typical Range	Details
Cooling Capacity	60,000 BTU	Standard for 5 ton units
Average Amp Draw	22 to 30 Amps	Depends on SEER, voltage, and model
Recommended Breaker Size	35 to 50 Amps	Always consult manufacturer specs
Voltage Requirements	208/230V or 460V (Three-phase)	Home vs. Commercial applications
Wire Gauge	8 to 6 AWG (Copper)	Depends on breaker and distance

What Is Amp Draw And Why Does It Matter?

The amp draw of an AC unit refers to the amount of electrical current it pulls to operate. For a 5 ton air conditioner, knowing the amp requirement is essential for proper wiring, breaker sizing, energy budgeting, and safety compliance. Oversized or undersized circuits can be hazardous or cause equipment failure.

Correct amp information ensures compatibility with your electric panel, keeps the AC running efficiently, and safeguards against fire hazards due to overloaded circuits.

Factors Affecting 5 Ton AC Unit Amp Draw

Several factors influence the amp draw of a 5 ton AC unit, creating variations among brands and installations. Key influencers include:

• SEER Rating (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio): Higher SEER units generally draw fewer amps.
• Voltage Supply: Residential units typically run on 208/230V, while commercial models might use 460V three-phase power.
• Compressor Type: Scroll compressors are more efficient than reciprocating ones.
• Startup vs. Running: ACs draw more amps at startup (LRA) than during normal operation (RLA).
• Climatic Conditions: Hotter days and higher humidity lead to increased amp draw as compressors work harder.
• Maintenance & Age: Poorly maintained or older units often draw more current.

Typical Amp Draw For 5 Ton AC Units

Generally, a 5 ton (60,000 BTU) central air conditioner draws between 22 and 30 amps during normal operation. However, during compressor startup, the amp draw may momentarily spike even higher (notably up to 40-70 amps for a fraction of a second).

The most accurate value is found on the unit’s data plate or nameplate, typically listed as Rated Load Amps (RLA) and Locked Rotor Amps (LRA).

Main Electrical Ratings: FLA, RLA, LRA Explained

Manufacturers provide three critical amp values:

• Full Load Amps (FLA): Total running current under maximum rated load.
• Rated Load Amps (RLA): Typical running current of the compressor under standard conditions—most useful for circuit design.
• Locked Rotor Amps (LRA): Peak current drawn at compressor startup.

RLA is generally the reference for continuous load calculations; wiring and breaker must handle the momentary startup LRA as well for safety.

How To Calculate 5 Ton AC Unit Amp Draw

If you know the unit’s wattage and voltage, you can estimate amps using:

Amps = Watts / Volts

For example, if a 5 ton AC consumes 5,000 watts at 230V:

Amps = 5,000 / 230 = 21.7 amps

This estimation aligns with standard real-world values.

Example Calculation Table

AC Unit (Tons)	BTU	Wattage	Voltage	Approx. Amp Draw
2 Ton	24,000	2,000	230V	8.7 Amps
3 Ton	36,000	3,500	230V	15.2 Amps
5 Ton	60,000	5,800	230V	25.2 Amps

Breaker Sizing And Wire Gauge For 5 Ton AC Units

Proper breaker sizing is critical for safe operation. Most codes require a breaker size approximately 125% of the AC’s continuous load amps. For a unit drawing 25 amps, a 30A or 35A breaker is commonly recommended. Sometimes, manufacturers specify a minimum and maximum breaker size—always follow these guidelines.

Wire size depends on amps, distance to the panel, and wire material. For a 5 ton unit on a 35A breaker, 8 AWG copper wire is minimally recommended. For a longer run, upgrade to 6 AWG. Double-check with the National Electrical Code (NEC) and a licensed electrician before proceeding.

Voltage Requirements: Single-Phase Vs. Three-Phase

Most residential 5 ton AC units run on 208/230V single-phase power. Commercial models, especially rooftop “package” units, may use 460V three-phase to reduce amp draw on each wire and improve efficiency. Using the wrong voltage can damage the equipment or void warranties. Always check manufacturer specs before connecting power.

Startup Amps: Surge Vs. Running Load

Air conditioners demand the most power at startup, measured as Locked Rotor Amps (LRA). For 5 ton units, this surge can be 3–4x the running amps. Modern units may incorporate soft start kits or scroll compressors to limit this draw, reducing stress on wiring and electrical panels.

This is crucial for generator sizing and establishing total electrical load during peak swings.

Energy Efficiency And Amp Draw

Higher SEER ratings mean more efficient ACs, usually with lower amp draw. For example, a 16 SEER 5 ton unit may pull several amps less than a 13 SEER counterpart. Efficient models help reduce electric bills and decrease stress on home wiring, especially in older properties.

Some new models include inverter-driven compressors, modulating speed for precise cooling and lower average current.

Common Brands And Their Typical Amp Draws

Amp draw varies between brands and models. Below is a table of typical amp ratings for top-selling U.S. models:

Brand	Model Type	RLA (Amps)	Breaker Size (Min/Max)
Carrier	5 Ton Air Conditioner	22–27	35A / 50A
Trane	XL Series 5 Ton	24–28	35A / 50A
Goodman	GSX 5 Ton	24–29	40A / 60A
Rheem	RA Series 5 Ton	22–26	35A / 50A

Always refer to the specific manufacturer sticker for precise specs.

How To Locate Your AC’s Amp Rating

Find your unit’s data plate—usually outside on the condenser cabinet or inside the access panel. The sticker or stamping lists “RLA,” “FLA,” and “LRA,” along with voltage and breaker recommendations. Use these values for any modifications, repairs, or circuit work.

If in doubt, consult installation documents or the manufacturer’s website by entering your model number.

What If Your AC Unit Draws Too Many Amps?

Excessive amp draw beyond rated values can indicate:

• Dirty air filters or coils causing the compressor to work harder.
• Refrigerant leaks or low charge, stressing system pressure.
• Worn electrical parts like capacitors or failing compressors.

Persistent high amp draw risks circuit trips, fire hazards, and early compressor failure. Always consult a certified HVAC technician.

5 Ton AC Unit Amp Draw On Generator Power

If planning generator backup, consider:

• Running amp draw (22-30A) plus startup surge (LRA)
• Generator capacity: minimum 12,000–15,000 watts for reliable operation
• Soft-start modules or staggered startup to lower demand

Using an undersized generator will result in voltage drops and unreliable cooling.

Regional Climate Impact On Amp Draw

The hotter and more humid the climate, the harder the compressor must work, increasing current needs. In the southern U.S., 5 ton ACs may run near peak amp draw much of the day, unlike milder northern areas. Ductwork, insulation, and air-tightness also play a role.

Regular maintenance, like coil cleaning and filter changes, helps keep amp draw in check year-round.

Best Practices For Safe Electrical Installation

When upgrading or installing a 5 ton AC unit, always:

• Use manufacturer-recommended breakers and wire gauges
• Ensure GFCI or surge protection if required by local code
• Verify connections are secure and free of corrosion
• Hire a licensed electrician—many insurance policies require this level of compliance

Neglecting safety can void warranties and lead to major system failures or hazards.

Maintenance Tips To Lower Amp Draw

• Change filters monthly during heavy use seasons
• Clean outdoor condenser coils annually
• Let professionals check refrigerant charge and operation every spring
• Keep supply and return vents unblocked
• Trim shrubs and keep the condenser free of obstructions

Proper maintenance not only lowers amp draw, but also extends the life and efficiency of your 5 ton AC unit.

Frequently Asked Questions About 5 Ton AC Amp Draw

• Q: Can I use a 30A breaker with my 5 ton AC?
  A: Check manufacturer specs. Some high-SEER units may allow this, but 35–50A is usually required. Never undersize your breaker.
• Q: Will a higher SEER 5 ton unit save money?
  A: Yes, higher SEER units use less power and draw fewer amps, reducing utility costs.
• Q: What happens if my AC trips the breaker frequently?
  A: Persistent trips can signal overload, poor wiring, or a failing component—call an electrician or technician.
• Q: How do I check the amp draw?
  A: Use a clamp amp meter (by a professional) on the compressor wire during operation for real-time measurement.

Key Takeaways: 5 Ton AC Unit Amp Draw

• Expect 22–30 running amps for most 5 ton residential air conditioners at 208/230V.
• Breaker sizing is typically 35–50 amps, with 8–6 AWG copper wiring recommended.
• Always refer to the unit’s data plate for specific electrical requirements and never guess on circuit sizing.
• Boost efficiency with high-SEER units, maintenance, and by addressing electrical upgrades with a licensed professional.